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Kringkrong Formation
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Kringkrong Fm base reconstruction

Kringkrong Fm

Period: 
Permian

Age Interval: 
Late Permian (259-251 Ma)


Province: 
NW Himalaya Kumaun-Garhwal Tethyan Himalaya

Type Locality and Naming

Type section is in Kringkrong in Kali Valley.

[Original Publication: Heim, A. and Gansser, A. 1939. Central Himalaya: Geological observations of Swiss expedition 1936; Reprinted Delhi Hind. Publ. Co. 246]

Synonyms: Valdiya and Gupta, 1972” Kringkrong series (Heim and Gansser, 1939)” “Kuling series” Arora et al., 2002, Kringkrong Formation

[Figure 1: Location of the Kumaun-Garhwal region (from Celerier et al., GSA Bull 2009)]

[Figure 2: Geologic map of the Kumaun-Garhwal region (from Celerier et al., GSA Bull 2009)]


Lithology and Thickness

Claystone. Comprised of dark grey splintery fissile silty shale; and Fe-rich limestone containing phosphatic nodules. 30-50m thick


Lithology Pattern: 
Claystone


Relationships and Distribution

Lower contact

Sharp contact with the underlying Muth Fm in most of the area. In Kali river valley it is unconformable contact with the underlying Kali Fm. In the Gori valley gradational with Nabi Fm. In Girthi Valley it is underlain by the Girth Fm.

Upper contact

Conformable with Rambakot Fm (=Chocolate Formation).

Regional extent

Kumaun to Garhwal regions


GeoJSON

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Fossils

Cyclobus oldhami, C. walkeri, Paramanginifera himalayensis, Waagenoconcha prodont, Spiriferella rajah, S. tibetana, Costiferina alta, Strophalosia sp. Linoproductus concini, Chonetes Vishnu, Dielasma sp.; Cleiothyidina roysii etc (see Arora et al., 2002).


Age 

Late Permian.

Age Span: 

    Beginning stage: 
Wuchiapingian

    Fraction up in beginning stage: 
0.0

    Beginning date (Ma): 
259.55

    Ending stage: 
Changhsingian

    Fraction up in the ending stage: 
0.5

    Ending date (Ma):  
253.07

Depositional setting

Not available.


Depositional pattern:  


Additional Information


Compiler:  

Birendra Singh & O.N. Bhargava.